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Contemporary Standard Chinese Dictionary
- 艰难
[jiānnán]
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1.
形
艰苦困难。
Examples
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行动艰难
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walk with difficulty
→ 艰难
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生活艰难
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live in straitened circumstances
→ 艰难
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艰难的岁月
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difficult days; hard times; arduous years
→ 艰难
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不论多么艰难困苦,我们都要继续战斗下去。
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No matter what the difficulties and hardships, we will fight on.
→ 艰难困苦
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经过无数艰难曲折
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experience countless difficulties and setbacks
→ 艰难曲折
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路上遇着了说不尽的艰难险阻。
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We encountered untold difficulties and dangers on the way.
→ 艰难险阻
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我从来没经验过这样的艰难。
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I have never experienced such hardships.
→ 经验
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艰难困苦
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difficulties and hardships
→ 困苦
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忍受艰难困苦
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endure hardships
→ 忍受
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艰难时世
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hard times
→ 时世
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Collocations
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行动艰难
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to have difficulty walking
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艰难困苦
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difficulties and hardships
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艰难险阻
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difficulties and obstacles
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不畏艰难
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to have no fear of difficulties
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艰难地生活
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difficult living
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十分艰难
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formidably difficult
nciku Note
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用做形容词时,两个词都表示是事情的复杂、有阻力或境遇的不顺、穷困等。但“艰难”所指的规模和长度上较“困难”更甚。优势“艰难”还指创业的难度很大。
Both adjectives 艰难 and 困难 indicate “complication, resistance, predicament, poverty-stricken, etc.” but the scale and degree of difficulties denoted by 艰难 refers in particular to the great hardships in starting an undertaking.
名词“困难”,与形容词意思相同,做主语或宾语,一般说“有困难”、“遇到了困难”、“克服困难”、“困难不小”等。而“艰难困苦”、“艰难险阻”等。
The noun 困难 has the same meaning of the adjective and can function as the subject or object of a sentence. We usually say 有困难, 遇到了困难, 克服困难, 困难不小, etc. while 艰难 is usually found in phrases like 艰难困苦, 艰难险阻, etc.
(1)站在领奖台上光彩夺目的他,走过了一段十分艰难的夺冠之路。
(2)经历了各种艰难困苦,他终于熟练掌握了这门技术。
(3)站在海拔四千多米的高原,他感到呼吸十分困难。
(4)他克服了重重困难,终于获得了成功。
当涉及“生活困苦”或“穷困”时,两个词都可以用,但“艰难”所指的程度比“困难”更深。
When talking about a hard life or a life suffering from financial problems, either word can be used, but 艰难 sound more intensified than 困难.
(5)那几年他们过得很困难(艰难)。
(6)这次谈判进行得十分困难(艰难)。
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