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Contemporary Standard Chinese Dictionary
- 包括
[bāokuò]
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1.
动
总括在一起；里面含有
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全校教师，包括教授、讲师、助教，已经超过一千人
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大家都去，当然也包括你们了。
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Examples
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共十人，儿童包括在内。
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Altogether ten, children included.
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医生开的药方里，包括草珊瑚这味中药。
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The prescription given by the doctor contains the traditional Chinese medicine Sarcandra Glabra .
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这个车组包括3个司机和六个售票员。
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The entire crew includes three drivers, and six conductors.
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这种药剂主要包括什么成份？
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What are the main ingredients of this medicine?
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医生的处方中，包括了几种滴剂。
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The prescription given by the doctor includes several drops.
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地学是一个庞大的学科，主要包括地质学、地球化学等分支。
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Geoscience is a huge branch of science, mainly including geology, geochemistry, etc.
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自然环境要素，包括水、空气、阳光、生物、土壤、岩石等。
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Environmental elements include water, air, sunshine life-forms, soil, and rocks.
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清朝的两江地区包括了现在的江苏、安徽和江西三个省。
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Jiangnan Province and Jiangxi Province in Qing Dynasty included the present Jiangsu, Anhui, and Jiangxi Provinces.
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他们公司的经营范围很广，包括各类橡胶制品的生产和出售。
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Their company has a wide business scope, including the production and sale of all kinds of rubber goods.
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Collocations
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包括的内容
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the content included
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包括在内
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include within
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其中包括
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include among
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全部包括
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include everything
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完全包括
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include completely
nciku Note
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包含 vs. 包括
bāohán vs. bāokuò
Both 包含 and 包括 mean "contain", 包含 mainly applies to abstract things, while 包括 can be applied to either abstract or concrete things.
1. 包含 very often takes 意思 or 内容，etc, as its object.
(1) 这句话包含两层意思。
(2) 这篇文章包含两方面内容。
2. 包括 can be applied to concrete things.
(1) 包括我在内，大家都不赞成这个提议。
(2) 包括老师，学校一共有300多人。
包括 can also be applied to abstract things.
(3) 这次谈判的胜利包含了很多人的心血和努力。
When applied to abstract things, either 包含 or 包括 emphasize the object but with different stresses.
(4) 这本书包含（包括）好几部分内容。
When the idea of "being hidden" is meant, only 包含 is used.
“包含”和“包括”都有“（事物里面）含有”的意思，“包含”侧重于抽象事物，“包括”则指具体或抽象事物。
1.“包含”所指的抽象事物，多指“意思”、“内容”等。
2.“包括”可指具体的事物。也可指较抽象的事物。
当指抽象事物时，有时用“包含”和“包括”都可以。但仍有所侧重。而当用于“藏有”意义时，则只能用“包含”。
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